Articles
HVAC Engineering Technical Notes
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First Principles for Building Services Engineers
A hierarchy for HVAC design: four conservation laws, the governing equations built on them, and the working tools stripped out of those, with the numbers worked through.
Read → - Psychrometrics
A Mental Model for Vapour Pressure
May be it is time to revisit Vapour Pressure
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Building Services Engineering: Gas Installation and Pipe Sizing
Notes on Natural Gas and LPG heating systems
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Comms Rooms: A Building Services Engineer's Guide
A few things about Comms room.
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Understanding CIBSE Weather Files for Energy and Overheating Analysis
How CIBSE builds TRY and DSY weather files, what morphing to UKCP18 does to them, and how to pick the right file for an energy or overheating assessment.
Read → - Ventilation
HVAC and Commercial Kitchen Filtration Technologies
How filters trap particles, what MERV and ISO 16890 measure, and how kitchen exhaust systems use baffles, precipitators, UV-C, and carbon.
Read → - Hydronics
Demystifying PID Controllers in Building Services
How PID controllers keep HVAC systems on setpoint, from the three terms and loop vocabulary through digital execution, anti-windup, tuning methods, and a worked example.
Read → - Ventilation
Fundamentals of displacement ventilation
How buoyancy forms stratified layers, how plume entrainment sets the boundary height, and what the Skistad and Mundt models predict near the floor.
Read → - Ventilation
How MacroFlo calculates natural ventilation
A step-by-step walk through the wind, buoyancy, flow and mass-balance methodology behind natural ventilation simulation, with interactive models.
Read → - Psychrometrics
HVAC airflow and load strategy: sensible versus latent dynamics
How the sensible load fixes supply airflow, why high latent loads break that sizing, and the reheat, desiccant, and DOAS strategies that solve it.
Read → - Heat pumps
Different-ΔT primary–secondary heat pump systems
Why we run different temperature differences on the primary and secondary sides, and what that means for efficiency, the compressor, and buffer sizing.
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